Reenforced paper



Patented my' 5, 1932 UNITED STATESV P-A NT 'OFFICE' i J'OSEPE w. ramm, O GBSWOLDVILLE, MASSACEUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO GBISWOLD- VILLE MANUFACTUBEVG COMPANY, OI' GBISWOLDVILLE, MASSACEUSETTS, A GDR PORATION OI EASSACEUSE'ITS I Application filed October 10, 1980. Serial HQ. 487.761.

My invention relates to fabric-papers and more particularly paper that may advantageously be used for' masking tape, surgeon s tape, sealing tape and the like,'and as a hacking for pyroxylin ,or for other coatings or impregnatons and purposes requiring a reaso'nably .strong yet flexible, impervio'us back cloth.

.One of the Objects of my invention is to n produce a reenforced paper backingof low cost having a characterstc structure that will insure such an intimate bond between it and a surface coating as will prevent peelng. A further object of 'my invention is to' provide a reenforced paper having its fabric face perfectly suited for the application thereto of a smooth layer of a desired coating material,

and in one aspect -of my invention, for example where the hacking is prepared with an adhesive coating for strippmg into tape to be wound into rolls, itis an objective to provide the hacking with a'n uneven paper face so that while the tape remains rolled the adhesive 'will have only a low percentage of surface bond against the back of a contiguus convolution.

lAccordingly one important feature of my reenforced paper comprises an imbedding or implanting of the yarn or threads of an open mesh fabric in p relatively cheap soft paper stock to such a degree that at this stage the fabric face presents a flat .surface suitable for receiving and retaining a thin coating in a smooth even layer. I select an open mesh fabric having suflicientstrength for. reenforcing. the paper to' the extent desiredffor its future uses and yet' capxableof exposng relativelylarge areas of t e paper stock rough the fabric so that anycoa-ting that is applied'to A 40 the fabric face will bond prncpally with the exposed soft paper stock rather than with the fabric.

Another characteristic feature, which is a c'orollary to the first in the manufacture of reenforced ppers wherein the' diameter of to a low cost reenforced' the yarn or thread is great -relatively to the thickness of the paper, is the imbedding` of. the fabric to such an extent by pressure that its threads are made to force the paper stock t outward on the paper side forming short rdges throughout that side that co-relate in the nature of a grid simulating the mesh count of the fabric used. i

To the accomplishment of these objects and such others* as may hereinafter appear, as

-will readily be understood by thoseskilled in the art, my invention comprises the reen-4 forced paper and process of its manufacture hereinafter'described and then particularly claimed.

In the accom anying perspective drawing, Figure `1 s bows a fragmentar view i illustrative of the open mesh fabric; igs. 2 and 3 show, respec'tively, this fabric 'as initially combined 'and then as finally combined with the paper; F igs. 4 and 5 are fragmentary portions of F igs. 2 and 3 respectively on a greatly enlarged scale; and Fig.-6 indicates a hacking, as shown in Fg. 3, gummed for use asadhesive tape, stripped andwound on a spool.

In the embodiment of my invention as illustrated in the drawing,'my invention, in one of its aspects, comprises the manufacture of a hacking cloth composed of a suitable paper reenforced with an open mesh fabric in which a specal combnng process s used, and n another aspect my invention consists in the bie accomplished in more than one way; jFg. f .lillustrates the general nature or kind. of

openmesh fabrie that may be used for' reenforcement. I'n my preferred process of manufa'cture I feed` the fabric against the wire or felt which travels through the vat of wetpaper stock in' such manner that on emer- *gjence from the vat it' travels with the felt having had, in the meantime, a lay of the paper stock of the desired thickness deposited into the mesh of the fabric. By an alternate process of manufacture I use pressure to combine the fabric with a prepared paper. In practising this process I prepare a soft paper felt comprising a soft and fluffy lay of paper that has not been hardened as by the addition of rosin sizing. -Softness in the prepared paper is essential to enable a combination thereof with the mesh of the fabric substantially the same as when wet paper stock is 'deposited therein. Such a soft lay of paper and the fabric are then joined by any suitable compression machinery.

The quality of the' paper stock depends upon the purpose for which the hacking is to be used; for reenforcing tapes or strong reenforced paper it may be a kraft stock or it may be a combination of cotton, linen, rope or rag stocks, in fact any of the various fibres ordinarily used in making a strong paper;

e or for impregnation purposes it would be a soft, -flufied, absorbent paper or felt made from the shorter fibres such as bleached sulphite, sulphate, or other cellulose fibres blended with the longer fibres used for the' face of the reenforced paper with a stronger,

but flexible, glue for example one carrying some glycerine. p

When thepaper lay is relatively thin as Compared to the thickness i. e. yarn or thread size) of the fabric, a practice of either process Will form, at this stage, a combination of fabric 10 and paper 12 as illustrated by Fig. 2 and in enlargement by Fig. 4.

The next step is to modify the fabric face of the combined fabric and paper in a manner to render it capable of receiving an even, smooth coating consisting of an adhesive or other material. Accordingly I now process the reenforced paper sheet in such a way as to press or bed the yarn or threads of .the fabric into the paper the pressure used being in such degree and the engaging surfaces of the pressure tools being of such character that the fabric is sunk into the paper stock, and the yam or threads may be flattened, to an extent that produces a plane, unbroken surface perfectly suited for the reception' and retention of a smooth coating of either liquid or plastic material. Accordingly I -ca1ender the combined fabric and paper using pressures dictated by experience and in accord y with the characteristics of the sheet effective for leveling-the fabric face to aplane sur- 13866351&

face. When a bacln'ng cloth having a relatvely thin paper layer, as herein illustrated,

is to be formed, I provide calendering rolls someextent as indicated by the threads 14' in the eulargement of Fig. 5, but the paper face of the backing Will necessarily, by reason of the partiaLpushing through of the irregularity of the` fabric face to the paper face, have formed thereon short ridges that co-relate in the nature of a grid as indicated at 16' in F ig. 3. These ridges on the paper face, or like surface roughening elements, are purposely retained because they have the advantage of lessening the Capacity of the paper face to adhere to any gummed surface that may be laid against it.

Having produced a combined paper and fabric hacking provided with a smooth fabric face as heretofore described, there may be applied to said plane or leveled surface a glue, adhesive coat, pyroxylin or other covering with certainty that any such applicaton Wlll result in the desired smooth coated face on the finished' article.

In Fig. (3 I have shown a tape, wound on a spool 18 and having an adhesive coverng 20,

made from a thin paper hacking cloth, to

illustrate the benefit that accrues in unwinding the tape due to the small percentage of contact between the adhesive coated face and the raised grid formation 16 at the paper face. Such an indented back surface, withproper impregnation, will also serve as a non-skid surface for various articles of manufacture. e

I call attention to a definite advantage gained by using a: relatively thin paper, n

addition to the advantages of low cost with suficient strength for the purpose intended, nanely the strength of the bond that is obtained between the paper and its adhesive or other covering. The coating bonds to the paper through the neshes of the fabric reenforcement and because of the thinness of the paper it bondsnot only to the surface but to the individual fibres of the paper 'or underlying mat. The bond is so powerful that it efi'ectually prevents any splitt-ing or peeling of the fabric and/or coating from the paper,

such as occurs with back filled and built up fabrics and such as could occur with a thicker paper or mat. The thorough interlayin of an adhesive With the yarn or threads gives Ereater pliability than 'has been obtainable eretofo-e which is a further essential advantagc. For pyroxylin coating the same intimate bond is effectcd ith a saving of material.

A use of the hacking cloth herein described for some purposes, for example masking tape 'means and surgeon s plasters, will require proofing l&

' ric comprisng a yarn-or thread size thicker not only against water butagainst such -solvents as are used in -automobile lpainting. This may readil be accomplished y a glue sizing followed y a bath of formaldehyde.

The nature and scope of my invention having been indicated and the preferred form of my novel article having been specifically' described together with t e process of its manufacture, what I claim as new is 1. A fabric-paper sheet consisting of a fabric having an open mesh with a paper covthe paper face of the sheet pre'senting an' uneven surface formed by short ridges corresponding in osition to the interwoven yarn or threads o the fabricl s 2. A reenforced paper sheet consisting of a thin paper cover having an open mesh fabthan the paper applied to one face thereof, the stock of the paper being' distorted to partly envelop the heavierjyarn or threads of the fabric and present throughout the combined rio-paper face I of the sheet.

i face of the sheet or tape s smooth while the.

i i outerlayers compose 3. A reenforced pa r sheet or tape having- .of an adhesive coating and a paper cover sufliciently thin to eifect a non-peelable bond with thecoating, and an inner layer composed of an open mesh fabric the yarn or threads of which are relatively thick as compared to the thickness of the paper or the coating and also being imbedded n the paper to such a de ee that the coated paper face thereof is roughened by indentation of the open mesh weave.

4. The process of making a reenforced paper hacking, in which the reenforce is an open mesh fabric having its constituent yarn or threads relatively heavy as compared to the thickness of the paper cover, which comprises uniting the fabric to one face of the thin papercover and then pressing the yarn or threads of the fabric and the paper cover until the reenforced face is leveled by bringing the fabric and paper into the same plane, while at the same time permittingthe imbedded yarn or threads to di'stort the thin paper cover and form. ridges over itsunreenforced face. r

5. The process of making a reenforced' paper backng according to claim 4 in which the fabric andcp aper are united during 'the process of makng the paper whereby the wet' pa r stock is deposited into the mesh of the abric.

6. The process of making a reenforced paper hacking according to claim 4 inwhich the fabri'cis pre-treated iwith a bo`ndingcom-s` position before being united to' the paper cover.

7. The process a planete surface fa of in'aln'ng a reenfoiced paper hacking according to claim 4 inwhich -tinately bonding said coating inte t e aper throughout its areas exposed throug the open mesh of the reenforcing fabric.

9. The process of making a fabric-paper adhesive tape which comprises making a reenforced paper backing according to the process defined by claim 4, and then coatingthe leveled-fabric face thereof with a glue, or the like, covering and retaining the fabric in place and bonding paper through the open mesh thereof.

10. The process ofcombining a fabric with paper -which comprises combining an open mesh fabric 'with wet paper stock in -sich manner that the paper stoek covers the fabric andisdeposited into' the mesh thereof, and then appl ing pressure to 'the mat thus formed su cient to level its fabric face, the paper being so thin as related to the diameter of the yarn or threads ofthe fabric that by forming a.- plane surface on the fabric face the reverse, or paper, face has to take' the :form of an indented 'or'roughened surface simulating the patteri of the open mesh of the fabric.

11'. The process ofpre aring reenforced paper -whch comprses 'ma cagents and pressure, and ultimately, by pressure', causing the soft paper to penetrate the mesh of the fabric and said mesh .to be imbedded in the paper to an extent that the reenforced face becomes a plane surface .and

ternsimulating said mesh.

12. The process of preparing an adhesive sheet or tape which comprises 'making a reenforced paper according to the process defined by claim 11 utilizing a paper so thin that an applied adhesive will bond to a substantial part of the fibres thereof, and then applying a smooth coating) ofadhesive ovei' the lane face presented reen orcing fabric. 13. The. process of paper which includes preparing a soft and fluify lay of paper devoid of hardening as by rosin sizing, combining therewith an-open mesh fabric woven from a yarn or i size which prevents complete embedment of the fabric within the pa er, and then calenderin the' combined fa ric-paper sheet* e 14. e 'process of makng o with the fibres of the thread the paper face becomes roughened in' a pati making reenforced read y said imbedded i paper which includes feeding a, sheet of open mesh `fabric With and against the wire or felt travelling in a Vat of wet paper stock and depositing a lay of the paper stock on the exposed surface of saidfabric while moving through the vat,.and then calendering the combined fabric-paper sheet. i

.15. A combined fabrc-paper sheet comprising an open-mesh fabric face-applied and united to a sheet of paper so soft and flufl'y as to partly embed the yarn or threads of the fabric. v

16. A combined fabric-paper sheet having a layer of open-mesh fabric applied to a layer of paper, said fabrc being bound to the fibres of the paper by adhesive carried by its yarn or thread.

In testimony Whereof I afl x my signature.

J OSEPH W. BALLABD.

1,see,513 

